Designing Safer Playgrounds: The Essential Question Checklist

Designing a safe, successful playground requires a methodical approach centered on critical questions that address risk mitigation, developmental goals, regulatory compliance, and community needs. Asking the right questions at every stage ensures the final play space nurtures children while minimizing hazards and maximizing long-term value.

Understanding Space and Location

• Do you have adequate space to accommodate equipment, clearance zones, and safe circulation paths for children and adults?
• Is the site free from environmental hazards, easily visible, and accessible for supervision?
• How is the ground sloped and drained to prevent water accumulation and tripping hazards?

Defining User Needs and Age Groups

• Which age ranges are being served, and is there appropriate separation between play zones for toddlers, preschoolers, and older children?
• Are there inclusive features enabling children with varying abilities to engage in play?
• What developmental, social, and physical skills does the equipment encourage?

Assessing Equipment Safety and Compliance

• Does every piece of equipment meet relevant national safety standards (CSA in Canada, ASTM and CPSC in the US, or local equivalents)?
• Are elevated platforms equipped with guardrails or protective barriers to prevent falls?
• How do you ensure the equipment’s durability, structural soundness, and absence of sharp edges or entrapment points?

Choosing Safe Surfacing and Layout

• What protective surfacing will be installed, and does it meet safety standards for critical fall heights under all equipment?
• How much clearance is there around slides, swings, and other high-motion apparatus?
• Does the layout avoid crowding, encourage smooth movement, and buffer between various age or risk groups?

Ensuring Accessibility and Inclusion

• Is the playground navigable for wheelchair users and children with mobility challenges, with proper surface transitions and ramped access?
• Are entryways, pathways, and equipment designed for universal access?
• Do signs clearly indicate age appropriateness and guidance for use?

Planning for Supervision and Community Use

• Are there adequate sightlines for caregivers throughout the play area?
• Is there sufficient seating and shaded areas for supervision, rest, and comfort?
• How does the playground design support safe and inclusive community gatherings?

Establishing Maintenance and Inspection Protocols

• What is your long-term maintenance plan, including regular safety audits and prompt repairs?
• Is there a process for testing surfaces, inspecting equipment, and updating materials as needed?
• How are users informed of contact information for reporting issues or requesting support?

Addressing Environmental and Health Concerns

• Is there ample shade to limit exposure to the sun and heat?
• Are playground materials non-toxic and durable in your climate?
• How do you handle sanitation, litter, and pest prevention?

By systematically addressing these essential questions, playground planners, builders, and community leaders ensure play spaces are welcoming, developmentally valuable, and above all, safe for every child and family who visits.